While Substance Use Disorders have been primarily thought of as those involving chemical substances like tobacco or alcohol , more recently process addictions have been studied . Once the DSM 3 diagnostic scheme was changed to accommodate cocaine and minimize withdrawal or abstinence, gambling and sexual compulsivity have been studied and suggested to be addictions. These process addictions have much neurobiology and phenomenology in common with chemical addictions and this construct may be especially helpful in understanding the obesity epidemic and logical public health and treatment approaches.

Upon the completion of this activity, participants will be able to:

1. Review current epidemiological data on substance abuse disorders.
2. Review examples of common co-occurring disorders such as tobacco smoking and alcohol and depression.
3. List and Discuss diagnostic and treatment issues for co-occurring alcohol and tobacco-related illnesses.

Dementia, mania, psychosis and neuropathy are familiar manifestations of late-stage HIV/AIDS disease. Some antiretrovirals used to treat HIV are also associated with neuropsychiatric side effects.

By participating in this activity, attendees will be able to:

1. Identify neurologic and psychiatric comorbidities commonly seen in the HIV population and discuss their association with HIV infection and treatment;
2. Discuss common neuropsychiatric complications associated with HIV disease and HIV therapies and outline the strategies for managing these complications; and
3. Recognize the impact of neuropsychiatric disorders with immunologic and virologic measures of HIV disease progression.

Cognitive outcome in adolescents is shaped by etiological factors and the underlying neuropathology in a range of developmental and acquired brain disorders.

Upon the completion of this activity, participants will be able to:

1. Discuss the neuropsychological disorders in adolescents and their functional implications;
2. Recognize the brain-behavior relationship from the prenatal period through late adolescence within the context of typical and atypical development; and
3. Identify collaborative and consultative approaches within the context of the neuropsychological evaluation.

Psychiatric masquerades are medical and/or neurological conditions which present primarily with psychiatric or behavioral symptoms. The conditions included in this category range from neurological disorders (e.g. seizure disorders and MS), to infectious diseases (e.g. syphilis, herpes and HIV), to connective tissue disorders (e.g. vasculitis and SLE), to malignancies (e.g., paraneoplastic syndromes and pancreatic cancer), to metabolic disorders (e.g. Wilson's disease and prophyria), to various toxins and substances our patients may be exposed to. In this lecture, we will discuss the presentation and symptoms of the most common masquerades, focusing on pearls for timely diagnosis, and discuss potential management and treatment strategies.

By participating in this activity, attendees will be able to:

1. Recognize the most common infectious disorders presenting with psychiatric symptoms;
2. Explain the incidence, epidemiology and clinical features of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders masquerading as psychiatric illness;
3. Recommend the research-based, effective treatment options for these conditions.

Psychiatric masquerades are medical and/or neurological conditions which present primarily with psychiatric or behavioral symptoms. The conditions included in this category range from neurological disorders (e.g. seizure disorders and MS), to infectious diseases (e.g. syphilis, herpes and HIV), to connective tissue disorders (e.g. vasculitis and SLE), to malignancies (e.g., paraneoplastic syndromes and pancreatic cancer), to metabolic disorders (e.g. Wilson's disease and prophyria), to various toxins and substances our patients may be exposed to. In this lecture, we will discuss the presentation and symptoms of the most common masquerades, focusing on pearls for timely diagnosis, and discuss potential management and treatment strategies.

By participating in this activity, attendees will be able to:

1. Recognize the most common infectious disorders presenting with psychiatric symptoms;
2. Explain the incidence, epidemiology and clinical features of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders masquerading as psychiatric illness;
3. Recommend the research-based, effective treatment options for these conditions.

Get up to date review of our current understanding of the biological basis of Depression. Information will emphasize factors involved with aging, brain localization, neurotransmitters, hormones, and treatments for the elderly depressed patient.

1. Discuss the clinical and psychosocial impact of depression and the significance of sustained remission in optimizing patient outcomes;
2. Describe evidence for the neuroanatomical correlates of depression and their relationship to vascular diseases; and
3. Utilize a neurobiological understanding of depression in identifying the most appropriate treatment options for depressed patients.

Upon the completion of this activity participants will be able to:

1. Apply evidence-based medicine to the treatment of TIA and Stroke;
2. Learn different stroke subtypes, risk factors, and clinical syndromes;
3. Discuss new definition of TIA; and
4. Understand the role of intravenous vs. intra-arterial thrombolysis in acute stroke.

The best examination of a patient's neurocognitive status is a careful history and includes a clinical assessment that looks for variations from normal changes in a patient's neuroanatomy and records specific findings.

By participating in this activity, attendees will be able to:

List the primary domains of the neurocognitive mental status exam. 2) Employ simple, effective clinical tests to probe brain function. 3) Utilize systematic cognitive screening to confidently diagnose common dementia syndromes in geriatric patients.

This course provides an overview of a clinical approach to diagnosis, evaluation and management of autonomic disorders.

By participating in this activity, attendees will be able to:

1. Discuss the clinical cases of orthostatic hypotension, orthostatic intolerance, autonomic neuropathies and disorders of sweating;
2. Discuss patient care by highlighting the ways by which the clinician can provide useful consultations and effectively manage patients suffering from autonomic disorders; and
3. Formulate a differential diagnosis and offer a treatment plan for patients with common and less common varieties of autonomic dysfunction.

Headache is one of the most common of human afflictions. Nearly 30 million Americans live with migraine, but only a fraction of them receive effective treatment. The impact of inadequate or ineffective care is enormous, in both direct and indirect costs. The course discusses the update in the diagnosis and management of both primary and secondary headache disorders.

By participating in this activity, attendees will be able to:

1. Differentiate primary headache disorder from headache symptomatic of other disease;
2. Identify both episodic and chronic primary headache disorders; and
3. Discuss the treatment plans for both primary and secondary headache disorders.

Is it better conceptualized as a state, a trait, or a culture-bound construct? Are there predictable and universal causes of human happiness? To what degree is one's degree of happiness modifiable by any life event or intervention? In this session, participants will get an introduction to the science of subjective well-being. The session will provide an overview of the history, epidemiology, social psychology and neurobiology of happiness.

By participating in this activity, attendees will be able to:

1. Identify the three psychological components of subjective well-being
2. Discuss the evidence that happiness is or is not related to wealth, health, love, or sexual activity; 3)Discuss the evidence of an inborn component to human happiness and;
3. List four interventions likely to lastingly enhance subjective well-being.

Pain is one of the most common reasons patients seek medical attention and a symptom encountered by every physician.  According to American Pain Society estimates, 50 million people are partially or totally disabled by pain and 45% of all Americans seek care for persistent pain at some point in their lives.  Neuropathic pain can be especially difficult to diagnose and treat. In this session, advances in the understanding of the causes of common neuropathic pain syndromes will be reviewed, and treatment options will be addressed.

As a result of participation, attendees will:

1. Be able to better recognize the onset of neuropathic pain.
2. Have a better understanding of a range of treatment options.
3. Will be better able to understand pain physiology and its ramifications.

Upon the compleion of this activiy, participants will be able to:

1. Describe the typical study design strategies used for the approval of a new antipsychotic in the United States and the European Union;
2. List the newly approved (and not approved) medications for the treatment of schizophrenia, and how they differ from current therapies;
3. Describe how the deconstruction of schizophrenia into endophenotypes and syndromes has stimulated a new generation of pharmacotherapeutic research and;
4. List novel possible drug therapies that appear to work via glutamate/glycinergic.

This talk explores the ongoing concerns about the increase in the popularity of a socially designated class of drugs known as "club drugs."

By participating in this activity, attendees will be able to:

1. Discuss the major categorization of club drugs and their pharmacological properties;
2. Identify the clinical and psychiatric manifestations of club drugs; and
3. Recognize available treatment approaches and harm reduction and prevention strategies.